@article {2768, title = {Improved Measures of Integrated Information}, journal = {PLOS Computational Biology}, year = {2016}, month = {11/2016}, abstract = {
Although\ there\ is\ growing\ interest\ in\ measuring\ integrated\ information\ in\ computational\ and cognitive systems, current methods for doing so in practice are computationally unfeasible.\ Existing and\ novel\ integration\ measures\ are\ investigated\ and\ classified\ by\ various\ desirable\ properties.\ \ A simple taxonomy of Φ-measures is presented where they are each characterized by their choice of factorization\ method\ (5\ options),\ choice\ of\ probability\ distributions\ to\ compare\ (3 {\texttimes} 4\ options) and choice of measure for comparing probability distributions (7 options).\ When requiring the Φ- measures to satisfy a minimum of attractive properties, these hundreds of options reduce to a mere handful, some of which turn out to be identical.\ Useful exact and approximate formulas are derived that can be applied to real-world data from laboratory experiments without posing unreasonable computational demands.
}, doi = {10.1371/journal.pcbi.100512310.1371}, url = {http://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005123}, author = {Max Tegmark}, editor = {Seth, Anil} }