@article {448, title = {The Genesis Story Understanding and Story Telling System A 21st Century Step toward Artificial Intelligence.}, number = {019}, year = {2014}, month = {06/2014}, abstract = {

Story understanding is an important differentiator of human intelligence, perhaps the most important differentiator. The Genesis system was built to model and explore aspects of story understanding using simply expressed, 20-100 sentence stories drawn from sources ranging from fairy tales to Shakespeare{\textquoteright}s plays. I describe Genesis at work as it reflects on its reading, searching for concepts, reads stories with controllable allegiances and cultural biases, models personality traits, answers basic questions about why and when, notes concept onsets, anticipating trouble, calculates similarity using concepts, models question-driven interpretation, aligns similar stories for analogical reasoning, develops summaries, and tells and persuades using a reader model. I conclude with thoughts on how Genesis would describe people in pictures and video, thus engaging with the CBMM challenge problem.

}, keywords = {Visual Intelligence}, author = {Patrick Henry Winston} } @article {225, title = {Neural Mechanisms of Object-Based Attention}, journal = {Science}, volume = {344}, year = {2014}, month = {04/2014}, pages = {424 - 427}, abstract = {

How we attend to objects and their features that cannot be separated by location is not understood. We presented two temporally and spatially overlapping streams of objects, faces versus houses, and used magnetoencephalography and functional magnetic resonance imaging to separate neuronal responses to attended and unattended objects. Attention to faces versus houses enhanced the sensory responses in the fusiform face area (FFA) and parahippocampal place area (PPA), respectively. The increases in sensory responses were accompanied by induced gamma synchrony between the inferior frontal junction, IFJ, and either FFA or PPA, depending on which object was attended. The IFJ appeared to be the driver of the synchrony, as gamma phases were advanced by 20 ms in IFJ compared to FFA or PPA. Thus, the IFJ may direct the flow of visual processing during object-based attention, at least in part through coupled oscillations with specialized areas such as FFA and PPA.

}, keywords = {Face recognition, Theories for Intelligence, Visual Intelligence}, issn = {0036-8075}, doi = {10.1126/science.1247003}, url = {http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/doi/10.1126/science.1247003}, author = {Baldauf, D. and R. Desimone} } @article {439, title = {Reconstructing Native Language Typology from Foreign Language Usage.}, number = {007}, year = {2014}, month = {04/2014}, abstract = {

Linguists and psychologists have long been studying cross-linguistic transfer, the influence of native language properties on linguistic performance in a foreign language. In this work we provide empirical evidence for this process in the form of a strong correlation between language similarities derived from structural features in English as Second Language (ESL) texts and equivalent similarities obtained directly from the typological features of the native languages. We leverage this finding to recover native language typological similarity structure directly from ESL text, and perform prediction of typological features in an unsupervised fashion with respect to the target languages. Our method achieves 72.2\% accuracy on the typology prediction task, a result that is highly competitive with equivalent methods that rely on typological resources.

}, keywords = {language, linguistics, Visual Intelligence}, author = {Yevgeni Berzak and Roi Reichart and Boris Katz} }